科技名言英文翻译

科技名言英文翻译

1.科学名言的英语翻译

1.If we the acknowledgement failure too and generously, may can't make the oneself discover us to near to very much in the exactitude.---The • a 普尔 of Carl 2." Difficult" also is such, face the precipice,100 years also can not tell that 1 is sew, but digs with the ax, can enter an inch to enter one inch, have to enter a Chinese foot of enter one Chinese foot, continuously backlog, leap necessarily, break immediately.---The 华 Luo's G( China) 3.I really want to invent a kind of characteristic or machines that has the so terrible and large-scale destructive power, with as for the war will therefore change into the impossible affair forever.---Nobel( Sweden) 4.Only obey the nature, then can control the nature.---Bacon( England) 5.The ocean of the truth, let the whole thing lie-downs that don't discover at my at present, allow I explore.---Newton( England) 6.The advantage of the mistake of 谬 is a fit of, the advantage of the truth is permanent;The truth contain corrupt practice, these corrupt practices are very quick and then will exterminate of, but the corrupt practice of mistake of 谬 is then is always and mutually with mistake of 谬 with.---Virtuous Luo( France) of 狄 7.Any holds the person of light-minded attitude to the truth on the small matter, is also a not enough letter on the important event of.---Einstein( the United States) 8.The person's man's natural duty at brave quest the truth.---Copernicus ( Poland)9.I do not know the person of the in this world to how I evaluate.我却这样认为：我好像是在海上玩耍，时而发现了一个光滑的石子儿，时而发现一个美丽的贝壳而为之高兴的孩子。

For all that, the ocean of that truth still emerges in our in front mysteriously.---Newton( England) 10.The inspiration of science, will never sit etc. and can wait to come.If say, the scientific detection have what accidental opportunity, so this kind of" accidental of opportunity" only can give those persons who learn to have the cultivated manners, give those be good at the independent thinking of person, give those have to chisel incessantly of the persons of the spirits, but will not give the lazy 汉 .---The 华 Luo's G( China) 11.A scientist should in consideration of the commentary of the future generations, need not consider to insult and humiliate or praise at that time.---The 巴斯 is virtuous( France) 12.We are enjoying the invention of the others to huge advantage that we bring, we also must take pleasure in to go to with own invention to serve for the others.---Franklin( the United States) 13.My life philosophy is a work, I want to announce to public the great universe mysterious, behaving the type to bring benefit to.---Edison( the United States) 14.I am lifetime to did not do to lead once from the beginning the accidental invention.我的一切发明都是经过深思熟虑和严格试验的结果。---Edison( the United States) 15.Develop the general ability of the independence thinking and independence judgment, should put always at first, but shouldn't be acquire the professional knowledge to put at first.如果一个人掌握了他的学科的基础理论，并且学会了独立地思考和工作，他必定会找到他自己的道路，而且比起那种主要以获得细节知识为其培训内容的人来，他一定会更好地适应进步和变化。

---Einstein( the United States) 16.Everything reasons logically and must get from the observation and experiment.---Galileo( Italy) 17.To master to do the heavy manual labor in science.要研究事实，对比事实，积聚事实。---The 巴 is just the man of 洛 （ Russia） 18.My those the most important detections are apocalypses that is subjected to fail but make.---Wear the 维 （ England） 19.Thankful God did not result in me a clever of craftsman.我的那些最重要的发现是受到失败的启发而获得的。

---Wear the 维 （ England） 20.I insist that fight more than 50 years courageously, concentrate on the development of science.用一个词可以道出我最艰辛的工作特点，这个词就是“失败”。---Tom is lousy 21.Say towards making the person of science come, the diligence is a successful mother.---茅 With rise( China) 22.The sport is the whole life spring.---Reach the aroma of • strange( Italy) 23.The foundation of science is a healthy body.---Reside in the madam( France) 24.Without by luck and this time the matter, the most accidental accident, seem to also is all to have the inevitability.---Einstein( the United States)有点中文。

2.赞扬科技的英语名言

.只有顺从自然，才能驾驭自然。

---培根（英国） 5.真理的大海，让未发现的一切事物躺卧在我的眼前，任我去探寻。---牛顿（英国） 6.谬误的好处是一时的，真理的好处是永久的；真理有弊病时，这些弊病是很快就会消灭的，而谬误的弊病则与谬误始终相随。

---狄德罗（法国） 7.凡在小事上对真理持轻率态度的人，在大事上也是不足信的。---爱因斯坦（美国） 8.人的天职在勇于探索真理。

---哥白尼（波兰） 9.我不知道世上的人对我怎样评价。我却这样认为：我好像是在海上玩耍，时而发现了一个光滑的石子儿，时而发现一个美丽的贝壳而为之高兴的孩子。

尽管如此，那真理的海洋还神秘地展现在我们面前。---牛顿（英国） 10.科学的灵感，决不是坐等可以等来的。

如果说，科学上的发现有什么偶然的机遇的话，那么这种“偶然的机遇”只能给那些学有素养的人，给那些善于独立思考的人，给那些具有锲而不舍的精神的人，而不会给懒汉。---华罗庚（中国） 11.一个科学家应该考虑到后世的评论，不必考虑当时的辱骂或称赞。

---巴斯德 （法国） 12.我们在享受着他人的发明给我们带来的巨大益处，我们也必须乐于用自己的发明去为他人服务。---富兰克林（美国） 13.我的人生哲学是工作，我要揭示大自然的奥妙，为人类造福。

---爱迪生（美国） 14.我平生从来没有做出过一次偶然的发明。我的一切发明都是经过深思熟虑和严格试验的结果。

---爱迪生（美国） only obey nature, to manage natural. - Bacon ( UK)5 truth of the sea, let not found all things lying down in front of me, let me to explore. --- Newtonian ( UK)6 the benefits of error is temporary, the truth of the benefit is permanent; truth has its disadvantages, these shortcomings are soon destroyed, and the error is always accompanied with the malady of fallacy. - Diderot ( France)7 any truth in the matter of attitude, in the event the letter is also insufficient. - Einstein ( USA )8 man's duty to be courageous enough to seek for truth. - Copernicus ( Poland)9 I don't know the people of the world to me how evaluation. But I think so: I like playing in the sea, and a smooth Shi Zier, and found a beautiful shell for a happy child. Nevertheless, the ocean of truth also mysteriously in front of us. --- Newtonian ( UK)10 the inspiration of science, will never be sit to. If say, scientific discoveries have any accidental chance, then this" chance" only to those who were literate, to those who are good at independent thinking of the people to keep on carving, who has the spirit of man, and not to the lazy. - Hua Luogeng ( China )11 a scientist should consider to later comment, do not have to consider the abusive or praise. - Pasteur ( France)12 we are enjoying their invention brought us enormous benefits, we must also be willing to use his invention to serve others. - Franklin ( USA )13 my philosophy of life is work, I want to reveal the secret of nature, for the benefit of mankind. - Edison ( USA )14 I have never made a. All of my invention is passed over in one's mind and strict test results. - Edison ( USA )。

3.赞扬科技的英语名言

.只有顺从自然，才能驾驭自然。

---培根（英国） 5.真理的大海，让未发现的一切事物躺卧在我的眼前，任我去探寻。---牛顿（英国） 6.谬误的好处是一时的，真理的好处是永久的；真理有弊病时，这些弊病是很快就会消灭的，而谬误的弊病则与谬误始终相随。

---狄德罗（法国） 7.凡在小事上对真理持轻率态度的人，在大事上也是不足信的。---爱因斯坦（美国） 8.人的天职在勇于探索真理。

---哥白尼（波兰） 9.我不知道世上的人对我怎样评价。我却这样认为：我好像是在海上玩耍，时而发现了一个光滑的石子儿，时而发现一个美丽的贝壳而为之高兴的孩子。

尽管如此，那真理的海洋还神秘地展现在我们面前。---牛顿（英国） 10.科学的灵感，决不是坐等可以等来的。

如果说，科学上的发现有什么偶然的机遇的话，那么这种“偶然的机遇”只能给那些学有素养的人，给那些善于独立思考的人，给那些具有锲而不舍的精神的人，而不会给懒汉。---华罗庚（中国） 11.一个科学家应该考虑到后世的评论，不必考虑当时的辱骂或称赞。

---巴斯德 （法国） 12.我们在享受着他人的发明给我们带来的巨大益处，我们也必须乐于用自己的发明去为他人服务。---富兰克林（美国） 13.我的人生哲学是工作，我要揭示大自然的奥妙，为人类造福。

---爱迪生（美国） 14.我平生从来没有做出过一次偶然的发明。我的一切发明都是经过深思熟虑和严格试验的结果。

---爱迪生（美国） only obey nature, to manage natural. - Bacon ( UK)5 truth of the sea, let not found all things lying down in front of me, let me to explore. --- Newtonian ( UK)6 the benefits of error is temporary, the truth of the benefit is permanent; truth has its disadvantages, these shortcomings are soon destroyed, and the error is always accompanied with the malady of fallacy. - Diderot ( France)7 any truth in the matter of attitude, in the event the letter is also insufficient. - Einstein ( USA )8 man's duty to be courageous enough to seek for truth. - Copernicus ( Poland)9 I don't know the people of the world to me how evaluation. But I think so: I like playing in the sea, and a smooth Shi Zier, and found a beautiful shell for a happy child. Nevertheless, the ocean of truth also mysteriously in front of us. --- Newtonian ( UK)10 the inspiration of science, will never be sit to. If say, scientific discoveries have any accidental chance, then this" chance" only to those who were literate, to those who are good at independent thinking of the people to keep on carving, who has the spirit of man, and not to the lazy. - Hua Luogeng ( China )11 a scientist should consider to later comment, do not have to consider the abusive or praise. - Pasteur ( France)12 we are enjoying their invention brought us enormous benefits, we must also be willing to use his invention to serve others. - Franklin ( USA )13 my philosophy of life is work, I want to reveal the secret of nature, for the benefit of mankind. - Edison ( USA )14 I have never made a. All of my invention is passed over in one's mind and strict test results. - Edison ( USA )。

4.英语名人名言带翻译

1、All things in their being are good for something. 天生我才必有用。

2、Difficult circumstances serve as a textbook of life for people. 困难坎坷是人们的生活教科书。 3、Failure is the mother of success.——Thomas Paine 失败乃成功之母。

4、For man is man and master of his fate. 人就是人，是自己命运的主人。 5、The unexamined life is not worth living.——Socrates 混混噩噩的生活不值得过。

——苏格拉底 6、None is of freedom or of life deserving unless he daily conquers it anew.——Erasmus 只有每天再度战胜生活并夺取自由的人，才配享受生活的自由。 7、Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness.——R.M. Nixon 命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。

因此，让我们毫无畏惧，满心愉 悦地把握命运。——尼克松 8、Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.——John Ruskin 生活没有目标，犹如航海没有罗盘。

-- 罗斯金 9、What makes life dreary is the want of motive.——George Eliot 没有了目的，生活便郁闷无光。——乔治·埃略特 10、Towering genius disdains a beaten path. It seeks regions hitherto unexplored.——Lincoln 卓越的天才不屑走旁人走过的路。

他寻找迄今未开拓的地区。 11、There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power.——Balzac 没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。

——巴尔扎克 12、The good seaman is known in bad weather. 惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色。（励志名言） 13、Fear not that the life shall come to an end, but rather fear that it shall never have a beginning.——J.H. Newman 不要害怕你的生活将要结束，应该担心你的生活永远不会真正开始。

——纽曼 14、Gods determine what you're going to be.——Julius Erving 人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人。——欧文 15、An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding.——Robert Louis Stevenson 生活的目标，是唯一值得寻找的财富。

-- 史蒂文森 16、While there is life there is hope. 一息若存，希望不灭。——英国谚语 17、Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.——A. Einstein 不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。

——爱因斯坦 18、You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success.——Charles Chaplin 人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。——卓别林 19、Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably. 不管追求什么目标，都应坚持不懈。

20、We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.——Mattin Luther King 我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。——马丁·路德·金 21、Energy and persistence conquer all things.——Benjamin Franklin 能量加毅力可以征服一切。

——富兰克林 22、Nothing seek, nothing find. 无所求则无所获。 23、Cease to struggle and you cease to live.——Thomas Carlyle 生命不止，奋斗不息。

——卡莱尔 24、A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。 25、Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.——Swetchine 只有强者才懂得斗争；弱者甚至失败都不够资格，而是生来就是被征服的。

——斯威特切尼 26、The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them.——Bernara Shaw 在这个世界上取得成就的人，都努力去寻找他们想要的机会，如果找不到机会， 他们便自己创造机会。——萧伯纳 27、A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.——Thomas Addison 强者能同命运的风暴抗争。

——爱迪生 28、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.——Goethe 谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。——歌德 29、Victory won't come to me unless I go to it.——M.Moore 胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。

——穆尔 30、Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards. 人往高处走，水往低处流。 31、Man errs as long as he strives.——Goethe 失误是进取的代价。

——歌德 32、The failures and reverses which await men - and one after another sadden the brow of youth - add a dignity to the prospect of human life, which no Arcadian success would do.——Henry David Thoreau 尽管失败和挫折等待着人们，一次次地夺走青春的容颜，但却给人生的前景增添了一份尊严，这是任何顺利的成功都不能做到的。——梭罗 33、A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.——J. Burroughs 一个人可以失败很多次，但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人，他还不是一个失败者。

——巴勒斯。

5.英语名言,带翻译

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

Well begun is half done. 好的开端是成功的一半。 East, west, home is best. 金窝、银窝，不如自己的草窝。

There is no royal road to learning. 学无坦途。 Look before you leap. First think, then act. 三思而后行。

It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。 Light come, light go. 来得容易，去得快。

Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真交。

Great hopes make great man. 远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。 After a storm comes a calm. 雨过天晴。

All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 Art is long, but life is short. 人生有限，学问无涯。

Stick to it, and you'll succeed. 只要人有恒，万事都能成。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. 早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。

A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。 It is good to learn at another man's cost. 前车之鉴。

Keeping is harder than winning. 创业不易，守业更难。 Let's cross the bridge when we come to it. 船到桥头自然直。

More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。 No pains, no gains. 不劳则无获。

Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. 世上无难事，只要肯登攀。 Where there is life, there is hope. 生命不息，希望常在。

An idle youth, a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 We must not lie down, and cry, "God help us." 求神不如求己。

A plant may produce new flowers; man is young but once. 花有重开日，人无再少年。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者，天助之。

What may be done at any time will be done at no time. 明日待明日，明日不再来。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

Diligence is the mother of success. 勤奋是成功之母。 Truth is the daughter of time. 时间见真理。

Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves. 积少自然成多。 No man is wise at all times. 智者千虑，必有一失。

Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。 Live and learn. 活到老，学到老。

Kill two birds with one stone. 一石双鸟。 It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。

In doing we learn. 经一事，长一智。 Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 一分预防胜似十分治疗。 Industry is fortune's right hand, and frugality her left. 勤勉是幸运的右手，节约是幸运的左手。

Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. 天才一分来自灵感，九十九分来自勤奋。 He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

He who pays the piper, calls the tune. 谁负担费用，谁加以控制。 He who has health has hope, and he who has hope has everything. 身体健壮就有希望，有了希望就有了一切。

No man is born wise or learned. 人非生而知之。 Action speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。 United we stand, divided we fall. 合即立，分即垮。

There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。 Many hands make light work. 人多好办事。

Reading makes a full man. 读书长见识。 The best horse needs breeding, and the aptest child needs teaching. 最好的马要驯，最伶俐的孩子要教。

Learn young, learn fair. 学习趁年轻，学就要学好。 Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand. 胸中有知识，胜于手中有金钱。

Once bitten, twice shy. 一次被咬，下次胆小。 Sound in body, sound in mind. 有健全的身体才有健全的精神。

Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。 Dogs wave their tails not so much in, love to you as your bread. 狗摇尾巴，爱的是你的面包。

Money is a good servant but a bad master. 要做金钱的主人，莫作金钱的奴隶。 It's hard sailing when there is no wind. 无风难驶船。

The path to glory is always rugged. 通向光荣的道路常常是崎岖的。 Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 没有目标的生活如同没有罗盘的航行。

Quality matters more than quantity. 质重于量。 The on-looker sees most of the game. 旁观者清。

Wisdom is a good purchase though we pay dear for it . 为了求知识，代价虽高也值得。 Joys shared with others are more enjoyed. 与众同乐，其乐更乐。

Happiness takes no account of time. 欢乐不觉日子长。 Time and tide waits for no man. 岁月不等人。

If you want knowledge, you must toil for it. 若要求知，必须刻苦。 Learn to walk before you run. 循序渐进。

Knowing something of everything, and everything of something. 通百艺而专一长。 From words to deeds is a great space. 言行之间，大有距离。

Skill and confidence are an unconquered army. 技能和信心是无敌的军队。 Habit is a second nature. 习惯成自然。

Lifeless, faultless. 只有死人才不会犯错误。 A book is the 。

6.英语名言 带翻译

Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today 今日事，今日毕 The early bird catches the worm 早到的鸟儿有虫吃 It's better than never 有总比没有好 Pain past is pleasure. 过去的痛苦即快乐。

All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事必先难后易。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 心之所愿，无事不成。

Where there is life, there is hope. 有生命必有希望。 I feel strongly that I can make it. 我坚信我一定能成功。

Better to light one candle than to curse the darkness. 与其诅咒黑暗，不如燃起蜡烛。 The shortest answer is doing. 最简短的回答就是行动。

外研版｜八年级下册英语全部知识点

Module1 Feelings and impressions

感官系动词

英语动词中，有的后面要接名词或代词等作宾语，有的单独作谓语，而有的后面要接形容词或名词等做主语的补充成分。我们把后面接主语补充成分的动词称为系动词。

1. 最常用的系动词是be，另外还有5个感官系动词，如：look（看上去），taste（尝上去），feel（摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来）等。例如：

The film is interesting.

这部电影很有趣。

The cookies smell delicious.

这些曲奇闻起来很香。

The soup tastes too salty.

汤尝起来太咸了。

The bed feels hard. 这床摸上去很硬。

The idea sounds quite good.

这个想法听起来非常好。

All the children look happy.

所有的孩子看起来都很开心。

上面用到的系动词smell，taste，feel，sound，look相当于汉语中的闻起来，尝起来，摸上去，听上去，看起来的概念。

2. 要注意这类系动词和系动词be不同，其否定形式和疑问形式的构成要借助动词do。例如：

The dishes do not smell very nice.

这些菜闻起来不太好。

Does he look worried?

他看上去担心吗？

The cake does not taste very good.

这蛋糕尝起来不太好。

Module2 Experiences

现在完成时（一）

1. 现在完成时定义：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例如：

Betty went to the park yesterday. (强调去公园的动作发生在昨天）

Betty has been to the park before. (强调不仅去过公园，而且了解公园的状况）

2. 现在完成时的谓语结构：

have/has + 动词的过去分词

例如：

I’ve always wanted to go on a dream holiday.

句中的谓语结构为：have wanted

Lingling has visited the US.

句中的谓语结构为：has visited

3. 句式结构

（1）肯定句式：主语+have / has+动词过去分词+其他。

（2）否定句式：主语+have / has+not+动词过去分词+ 其他。have not 和has not 分别缩写为haven’t和hasn’t。

（3）一般疑问句式：Have / Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 肯定答语为Yes, 主语+have / has.；否定答语为No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t.

4. 过去分词的构成

规则动词过去分词的构成规则与规则动词过去式的构成规则相同。

（1）动词一般在词尾加“-ed”。如：work→worked→worked

（2）以“e”结尾的动词，词尾直接加“-d”。 如：live→lived→lived

（3）以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为 “i”，再加“-ed”。如：cry→cried→cried

（4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。如：stop→stopped→stopped

Module3 Journey to space

现在完成时（二）

1. 当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可分用just, already或yet加以强调或说明。例如：

I have just heard the news.

我刚听到消息。

Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。

He has just started to explore other planets. 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。

可以看出，just 用来表示“刚刚”， already 用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have / has 之后。在否定句中则可用yet, 表示“还未”， 有“以后可以会”的含义。例如：

The scientists have not heard from it yet. 科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。

Man has not discovered any life in space yet. 人类尚未在太空中发现生命。

2. 另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。例如：

I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。

I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。

3. 在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。

试看以下对话：

A: Where have you put my book? I can’t find it.

你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。

B: I put it on your desk yesterday.

我昨天放你桌子上了。

该对话中，当A 问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A 感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。但是B 回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话：

A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight ? 你今晚想和我去看电影吗？

B: Sorry, I have seen it already.

不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。

对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。

Module4 Seeing the doctor

现在完成时（三）

1. 现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。

例如：Jane has kept the book for three days. 简已经借这本书三天了。

The boy has had the bike since last Sunday. 自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆自行车。

2. 现在完成时的时间短语：for和since时间短语是现在完成时的常用时间短语，是现在完成时的标志。

for后面加时间段，表示一段时间。

例如：for two weeks；for one month

since后面加时间点，表示自……以来。

例如：since last week；since 2008

注意：对for和since时间短语提问用How long

注意：动词分为延续性动词（表示延续性的动作或状态）和瞬间动词（表示动作在瞬间完成）。

延续性动词常和表示时间段的短语连用。例如for短语和since短语。

瞬间动词不能和for短语和since短语连用。

例如：His father has died for two years.(×)

His father has been dead for two years. (v)

Module5 Cartoons

一般过去时常犯错误

1. 把动词变为过去式易出错。

例如：They stoped talking just now.

解析：stop的过去时为stopped。辅音加y，y变i加ed；元音加y，在词尾直 接加ed。

2. 忘记把动词变为过去式。

例如：I fly kites on the afternoon of last Sunday.

解析：fly应该用过去式flew。对此，我们应该记住在一般过去时的时态里，过去式不要忘记。

3. 在句式变换时出错。

例如：We didn’t went last Friday.

解析：didn’t went应改为didn’t go。请记住“见助动词用原形”。

4. 易与现在完成时弄混。

例如：I saw the film, so I don’t want to go now.

解析：正确答案为：I have seen the film, so I don’t want to go now.“我不想去”说明了我了解这部影片的内容，强调现在的情况，应该用现在完成时。

时态区分

一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时。观察下列句子。

1. I often watch cartoons films.

我经常看卡通片。

2. I watched Spiderman last week.

我上周看了《蜘蛛侠》。

3. I have already watched Spiderman. I do not want to watch it again.

我已看过《蜘蛛侠》了，不想再看了。

可以看出：

1. 经常性、习惯性的动作，所以用一般现在时。

2. 在过去某个时间发生的行为，用一般过去时。

3. 动作也是在过去，但是没有明确的表示过去的时间，并且强调的是结果，即现在不想看了，所以用现在完成时。

Module6 Hobbies

简单句的基本结构

英语是一种结构型的语言，动词在句型构成中起着重要作用。英语的句子以谓语为中心，前面是动作的执行者（被动语态除外），后面接动作的承受者。

Module7 Summer in Los Angeles

并列复合句

1. 并列复合句的定义：由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

Jane has kept the book for three days and she must return it tomorrow.

简保留这本书已经三年了，她明天必须归还。

The boy fell off the bike, but he didn’t hurt. 这个男孩从自行车上摔下来，但是没有受伤。

2. 并列复合句的构成：

简单句+并列连词+简单句

I help him and he helps me.

我帮助他，他帮助我。

You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day.

你必须穿上外套，否则，在这样冷的天气里，你一定会得重感冒的。

3. 并列连词前后简单句之间的关系。

（1）并列关系。

They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio. 他们正在看电视，其他人正在听收音机。

（2）选择关系。

The children can go with us, or they can stay at home. 孩子们可以和我们一起去，或者，他们也可以待在家里。

（3）转折关系。

She was tired, but she did not stop working. 她累了，但她没有停止工作。

4. 使用并列复合句要注意的两种情况。

（1）并列复合句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开（前后句之间的关系须相当紧密）。如：We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.

（2）并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。如：Snoopy lives in his own world and (Snoopy) finds real life hard to understand.

Module8 Time off

宾语从句

1. 宾语从句定义

在简单句的几种基本句型, 其中有一种是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。其中, 名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或to do形式都可以作宾语，例如buy a book, beat him, stop doing sth., want to do sth.等。这些例子中的宾语是用一个单词或短语来表达的。

但是, 当要用英语表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”时，我们就无法在know后用一个单词表达出“你昨天去看电影了”这个意思。“你昨天去看电影了”这个结构中包含行为本身，行为的发出者和行为的承受者，是一个完整的句子，因此只能用句子表达。这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子, 我们称为“宾语从句”。

2. 宾语从句分为三类：

（1）that 引导的宾语从句

I hope (that) it will snow this winter.

我希望这个冬天下雪。

（2）whether/if 引导的宾语从句

I’m not sure if he will come.

我不确定他明天是否来。

（3）疑问词引导的宾语从句

I want to know what he will do next.

我想知道接下来他要做什么。

3. that引导的宾语从句

当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，其后面的句子一般用that引导。that 没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下 that 可以省略。例如：

I hope (that) it will snow this winter.

我希望这个冬天下雪。

Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air. 贝蒂认为树木可以改善空气。

常接 that 宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, under, stand, warn, wish等。

4. 宾语从句的时态

①主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况判断时态；

②主句中谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。

③当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。

试比较：

He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。（现在）

He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。（过去）

He says that he is mending his bike. 他说他正在修理自行车。（现在）

He said that he was mending his bike. 他说他正在修理自行车。（过去）

The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。

5. 宾语从句的否定转移

主句是 I/We think/suppose/guess/ believe 等，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中，这就是否定转移。

我认为鸡不会游泳。

误：I think chickens can not swim.

正：I don't think chickens can swim.

Module9 Friendship

whether/if引导的宾语从句

如果我们要表达像“他不知道他们周六是否会去植树”或“我记不清以前是否见过他”这样的不确定的概念时，从句就要用 whether 或 if 来引导，不能用 that。

例如：

He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not.

他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。

He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday. 他问我们周日是否去钓鱼。

Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to come early tomorrow.

汤姆想知道他明天是否需要早点来。

注意：if与whether引导宾语从句时都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下可以互换。但是在动词 不定式之前、介词之后、或者句尾有or not出现时，一般只能用whether。

We haven’t decided whether to go or not. 我们还没决定是否会去。

疑问词引导的宾语从句

有的宾语从句既不用that引导，也不用whether或if引导，而是用when，where，how或why等疑问词引导。

在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，一定要记得用陈述句语序。例如：

He asks how we can help protect the environment. 他问我们如何帮助保护环境。

Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting? 你知道我们什么时候举办运动会吗？

Module10 On the radio

宾语从句的时态

1. 宾语从句除了要注意引导词和语序问题，还要注意时态问题。

I can hardly believe we are in the city centre.

I am sure it will be fantastic to see the city from the top.

I did not know who she was.

We thought somebody was moving about.

Lingling’s uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants.

从上面的句子中可知，宾语从句的时态和主句的时态是息息相关的。

当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。

当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。

2. 时态运用

（1）当主句是现在时态时，从句可以根据实际情况选择不同时态。

现在时包括一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时和现在完成时。

He tells us that he will go shopping later. 他告诉我他一会儿去购物。

I don’t know why you were surprised. 我不知道你为什么如此惊讶。

（2）当主句是过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。

过去时态包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时。

He asked if he could watch TV after finishing his homework.

他问他完成作业后是否可以看电视。

（3）当宾语从句为客观事实、客观真理时，要用一般现在时。

He told me that the earth goes round the sun. 他（过去）告诉我地球绕着太阳转。